The rapid development of artificial intelligence will profoundly change human social life and the world. In order to seize the major strategic opportunities in the development of artificial intelligence, build China's first mover advantage in the development of artificial intelligence, accelerate the construction of an innovative country and a world science and technology powerhouse, and in accordance with the deployment requirements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, this plan is formulated.
1、 Strategic Situation
The development of artificial intelligence has entered a new stage. After more than 60 years of evolution, especially driven by new theories and technologies such as mobile internet, big data, supercomputing, sensor networks, neuroscience, and strong demands for economic and social development, artificial intelligence has accelerated its development, presenting new features such as deep learning, cross-border integration, human-machine collaboration, open group intelligence, and autonomous control. Big data-driven knowledge learning, cross media collaborative processing, human-machine collaborative enhanced intelligence, group integrated intelligence, and autonomous intelligence systems have become the focus of artificial intelligence development. Brain like intelligence inspired by research results in neuroscience is poised to emerge, and the trend towards chip based hardware based platformization is becoming more apparent. The development of artificial intelligence has entered a new stage. At present, the overall promotion of the development of new generation artificial intelligence related disciplines, theoretical modeling, technological innovation, software and hardware upgrades, etc., is triggering a chain breakthrough, promoting the acceleration of the transition from digitalization and networking to intelligence in various fields of the economy and society.
Artificial intelligence has become a new focus of international competition. Artificial intelligence is a strategic technology that leads the future. Major developed countries in the world regard the development of artificial intelligence as a major strategy to enhance national competitiveness and maintain national security. They are accelerating the formulation of plans and policies, strengthening deployment around core technologies, top talents, standards and norms, and striving to take the lead in the new round of international scientific and technological competition. At present, China's national security and international competition situation is becoming more complex. We must take a global perspective, systematically layout and proactively plan the development of artificial intelligence at the national strategic level, firmly grasp the strategic initiative of international competition in the new stage of artificial intelligence development, create new competitive advantages, and open up new development spaces to effectively safeguard national security.
Artificial intelligence has become a new engine for economic development. Artificial intelligence, as the core driving force for a new round of industrial transformation, will further unleash the tremendous energy accumulated in previous technological revolutions and industrial transformations, create new powerful engines, reconstruct various economic activities such as production, distribution, exchange, and consumption, form new intelligent demands from macro to micro fields, give birth to new technologies, products, industries, formats, and models, and trigger significant changes in economic structure, Profound changes in human production, lifestyle, and thinking patterns, achieving an overall leap in social productivity. China's economic development has entered a new normal, and the task of deepening supply side structural reform is extremely arduous. It is necessary to accelerate the deep application of artificial intelligence, cultivate and strengthen the artificial intelligence industry, and inject new momentum into China's economic development.
Artificial intelligence brings new opportunities for social construction. China is currently in the decisive stage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and challenges such as aging population and resource and environmental constraints remain severe. Artificial intelligence is widely used in fields such as education, healthcare, elderly care, environmental protection, urban operation, and judicial services, which will greatly improve the level of precision in public services and comprehensively enhance the quality of life of the people. Artificial intelligence technology can accurately perceive, predict, and warn of major trends in infrastructure and social security operations, timely grasp group cognitive and psychological changes, actively make decisions and respond, significantly improve the ability and level of social governance, and play an irreplaceable role in effectively maintaining social stability.
The uncertainty of the development of artificial intelligence brings new challenges. Artificial intelligence is a disruptive technology with a wide range of impacts, which may bring about changes in employment structure, legal and social ethics, infringement of personal privacy, and challenges to international relations norms. It will have profound impacts on government management, economic security, social stability, and even global governance. While vigorously developing artificial intelligence, it is necessary to attach great importance to potential security risks and challenges, strengthen forward-looking prevention and constraint guidance, minimize risks, and ensure the safe, reliable, and controllable development of artificial intelligence.
The development of artificial intelligence in our country has a solid foundation. The state has deployed the key special projects of the national key R&D plan, such as intelligent manufacturing, issued and implemented the three-year action plan of "Internet plus" artificial intelligence, and proposed a series of measures from scientific and technological research and development, application and promotion, and industrial development. After years of continuous accumulation, China has made significant progress in the field of artificial intelligence. The number of international scientific and technological papers published and the number of invention patent authorizations have ranked second in the world, and some key technologies in certain fields have achieved significant breakthroughs. Speech recognition and visual recognition technology are world leading, with adaptive self-learning, intuitive perception, comprehensive reasoning, hybrid intelligence, and group intelligence initially possessing the ability to leapfrog development. Chinese information processing, intelligent monitoring, biometric recognition, industrial robots, service robots, and unmanned driving are gradually entering practical applications. Artificial intelligence innovation and entrepreneurship are becoming increasingly active, and a number of leading backbone enterprises are accelerating their growth, Widely concerned and recognized internationally. The accelerated accumulation of technological capabilities, combined with massive data resources, huge application demands, and an open market environment, has formed a unique advantage in the development of artificial intelligence in China.
At the same time, it is also important to be aware that there is still a gap in the overall development level of artificial intelligence in China compared to developed countries, with a lack of significant original achievements. There is a significant gap in basic theories, core algorithms, key equipment, high-end chips, major products and systems, basic materials, components, software and interfaces, etc; Research institutions and enterprises have not yet formed an ecosystem and industrial chain with international influence, and lack a systematic and advanced research and development layout; Artificial intelligence cutting-edge talents are far from meeting the demand; The infrastructure, policy regulations, and standard system that adapt to the development of artificial intelligence urgently need to be improved.
In the face of new situations and demands, we must actively seek changes and adapt, firmly grasp the major historical opportunities of the development of artificial intelligence, closely grasp the development trend, proactively plan, grasp the direction, seize the opportunity, lead the world's new trend of artificial intelligence development, serve economic and social development, support national security, and drive the overall leap and leapfrog development of national competitiveness.
2、 Overall requirements
（1） Guiding ideology.
（2） Basic principles.
Technology leads. Grasp the development trend of global artificial intelligence, highlight the forward-looking research and development deployment, explore layout and long-term support in key cutting-edge fields, strive to achieve revolutionary and disruptive breakthroughs in theory, methods, tools, systems, etc., comprehensively enhance the original innovation ability of artificial intelligence, accelerate the construction of first mover advantages, and achieve high-end leading development.
System layout. Develop targeted systematic development strategies based on the different characteristics of basic research, technological research and development, industrial development, and industry applications. Give full play to the advantages of the socialist system in concentrating efforts to accomplish major tasks, promote the overall layout of projects, bases, and talents, and organically connect deployed major projects with new tasks. It is urgent to continue with the long-term development ladder, and work together to build innovative capabilities, reform institutional mechanisms, and create a policy environment.
Market dominance. Following market laws, adhering to application orientation, highlighting the main role of enterprises in technology route selection and industry product standard formulation, accelerating the commercial application of artificial intelligence technology achievements, and forming competitive advantages. Grasp the division of labor between the government and the market, and better leverage the important role of the government in planning guidance, policy support, security prevention, market supervision, environmental creation, and ethical regulation formulation.
Open source and openness. Advocate for the concept of open source sharing and promote the co creation and sharing of various innovative entities in industry, academia, research and application. Following the law of coordinated development between economic and national defense construction, we will promote the two-way transformation and application of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements, as well as the co construction and sharing of military and civilian innovation resources, and form a new pattern of deep integration and development of military and civilian sectors with all elements, multiple fields, and high efficiency. Actively participate in global research and governance of artificial intelligence, and optimize the allocation of innovative resources on a global scale.
（3） Strategic objectives.
Take three steps:
The first step is to synchronize the overall technology and application of artificial intelligence with the world's advanced level by 2020. The artificial intelligence industry has become a new important economic growth point, and the application of artificial intelligence technology has become a new way to improve people's livelihoods, providing strong support for entering the ranks of innovative countries and achieving the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
——Significant progress has been made in the theory and technology of the new generation of artificial intelligence. Significant progress has been made in the implementation of basic theories and core technologies such as big data intelligence, cross media intelligence, swarm intelligence, hybrid enhanced intelligence, and autonomous intelligence systems. Significant achievements have been made in artificial intelligence model methods, core components, high-end devices, and basic software.
——The competitiveness of the artificial intelligence industry has entered the international forefront. Preliminary establishment of artificial intelligence technology standards, service systems, and industrial ecological chains, cultivation of several globally leading artificial intelligence backbone enterprises, with the core industry scale of artificial intelligence exceeding 150 billion yuan, driving the scale of related industries to exceed 1 trillion yuan.
——The development environment of artificial intelligence is further optimized, and innovative applications are comprehensively carried out in key areas, gathering a group of high-level talent and innovation teams. Ethical norms and policies and regulations for artificial intelligence in some areas have been preliminarily established.
The second step is to achieve significant breakthroughs in the basic theory of artificial intelligence by 2025, with some technologies and applications reaching world leading levels. Artificial intelligence has become the main driving force for China's industrial upgrading and economic transformation, and positive progress has been made in the construction of an intelligent society.
——The theoretical and technological system of the new generation of artificial intelligence has been preliminarily established, and breakthroughs have been made in artificial intelligence with self-learning capabilities, leading research results in multiple fields.
——The artificial intelligence industry has entered the high-end of the global value chain. The new generation of artificial intelligence has been widely applied in fields such as intelligent manufacturing, intelligent healthcare, smart cities, intelligent agriculture, and national defense construction. The core industry scale of artificial intelligence has exceeded 400 billion yuan, driving the scale of related industries to exceed 5 trillion yuan.
——Establish a preliminary system of laws, regulations, ethical norms, and policies for artificial intelligence, and develop capabilities for AI security assessment and control.
Step three, by 2030, the overall theory, technology, and application of artificial intelligence will reach the world's leading level, becoming a major innovation center for artificial intelligence in the world. Significant achievements will be made in the intelligent economy and intelligent society, laying an important foundation for entering the forefront of innovative countries and becoming an economic powerhouse.
——Forming a relatively mature new generation of artificial intelligence theory and technology system. Significant breakthroughs have been made in fields such as neuromorphic intelligence, autonomous intelligence, hybrid intelligence, and swarm intelligence, which have significant influence in international artificial intelligence research and occupy the commanding heights of artificial intelligence technology.
——The competitiveness of the artificial intelligence industry has reached an international leading level. The breadth and depth of the application of artificial intelligence in production and life, social governance, and national defense construction have greatly expanded, forming a complete industrial chain and high-end industrial cluster covering core technologies, key systems, support platforms, and intelligent applications. The core industry scale of artificial intelligence has exceeded 1 trillion yuan, driving the scale of related industries to exceed 10 trillion yuan.
——Establish a group of globally leading artificial intelligence technology innovation and talent training bases, and establish a more complete system of artificial intelligence laws, regulations, ethical norms, and policies.
（4） Overall deployment.
The development of artificial intelligence is a complex system engineering that concerns the overall situation. It should be laid out according to the principles of "building a system, grasping dual attributes, adhering to the trinity, and strengthening the four major supports" to form a strategic path for the healthy and sustainable development of artificial intelligence.
Building an open and collaborative artificial intelligence technology innovation system. In response to key and difficult issues such as weak original theoretical foundation and lack of major products and systems, we will establish a new generation of artificial intelligence basic theories and key common technology systems, layout and construct major scientific and technological innovation bases, strengthen the high-end talent team of artificial intelligence, promote collaborative interaction among innovation entities, and form sustained innovation capabilities in artificial intelligence.
Grasp the highly integrated characteristics of artificial intelligence technology attributes and social attributes. We need to increase the research and application of artificial intelligence to maximize its potential; We also need to anticipate the challenges of artificial intelligence, coordinate industrial policies, innovation policies, and social policies, achieve coordination between incentive development and reasonable regulation, and maximize risk prevention.
Adhere to the "three in one" promotion of artificial intelligence research and development, product application, and industrial cultivation. Adapting to the characteristics and trends of artificial intelligence development, strengthening the deep integration of innovation and industry chains, and the interactive evolution of technology supply and market demand, promoting field applications and industrial upgrading through technological breakthroughs, and promoting technology and system optimization through application demonstrations. While promoting technology application and industrial development on a large scale, we should strengthen our research and development layout and breakthroughs for the medium and long term, achieve rolling development and continuous improvement, and ensure that we are ahead in theory, occupy the high ground in technology, and have safe and controllable applications.
Comprehensively support technological, economic, social development, and national security. To drive the comprehensive improvement of national innovation capacity through breakthroughs in artificial intelligence technology, and lead the process of building a world science and technology powerhouse; By strengthening the intelligent industry and cultivating the intelligent economy, we aim to create a new growth cycle for China's economic prosperity in the next decade or even decades; To promote the improvement of people's livelihood and well-being through the construction of an intelligent society, and to implement the development concept of putting the people at the center; Using artificial intelligence to enhance national defense capabilities and ensure and maintain national security.
3、 Key tasks
Based on the overall development of the country, accurately grasp the global trend of artificial intelligence development, identify breakthroughs and main directions, comprehensively enhance the basic ability of scientific and technological innovation, comprehensively expand the depth and breadth of application in key fields, and comprehensively improve the level of economic and social development and national defense application intelligence.
（1） Building an open and collaborative artificial intelligence technology innovation system.
Focusing on increasing the source supply of artificial intelligence innovation, we will strengthen deployment from cutting-edge basic theories, key common technologies, basic platforms, and talent teams, promote open source sharing, systematically enhance sustainable innovation capabilities, ensure that China's artificial intelligence technology level ranks among the world's top, and make more contributions to the development of artificial intelligence in the world.
1. Establish a new generation of artificial intelligence basic theoretical system.
Focusing on major cutting-edge scientific issues in artificial intelligence, balancing current needs and long-term development, with a focus on breaking through the theoretical bottlenecks of artificial intelligence applications, advancing basic research that may trigger a paradigm shift in artificial intelligence, promoting interdisciplinary integration, and providing strong scientific reserves for the sustained development and deep application of artificial intelligence.
Break through the bottleneck of applied basic theory. Aiming at the fundamental theoretical direction with clear application goals and the potential to lead the upgrading of artificial intelligence technology, we will strengthen research on basic theories such as big data intelligence, cross media perception computing, human-machine hybrid intelligence, group intelligence, autonomous collaboration and decision-making. The theory of big data intelligence focuses on breaking through difficult problems such as unsupervised learning and comprehensive deep reasoning, establishing a data-driven cognitive computing model with natural language understanding as the core, and forming the ability from big data to knowledge and from knowledge to decision-making. The theory of cross media perception computing focuses on breaking through the theoretical methods of low-cost and low-energy intelligent perception, active perception of complex scenes, auditory and verbal perception of natural environments, multimedia autonomous learning, etc., to achieve superhuman perception and high dynamic, high-dimensional, multi-mode distributed scene perception. The theory of hybrid enhanced intelligence focuses on breaking through the theories of situational understanding and decision learning, intuitive reasoning and causal models, memory and knowledge evolution in human-machine collaboration and integration, and achieving hybrid enhanced intelligence where learning and thinking are close to or exceed human intelligence levels. The focus of swarm intelligence theory is to break through the theories and methods of organization, emergence, and learning of swarm intelligence, establish expressive and computable swarm intelligence incentive algorithms and models, and form an internet-based theoretical system of swarm intelligence. The theory of autonomous collaborative control and optimization decision-making focuses on breaking through the theories of collaborative perception and interaction for autonomous unmanned systems, autonomous collaborative control and optimization decision-making, and knowledge driven human-machine interaction, forming an innovative theoretical framework for autonomous intelligent unmanned systems.
Basic theoretical research on cutting-edge layout. In response to the directions that may trigger a paradigm shift in artificial intelligence, we will proactively lay out interdisciplinary basic theoretical research such as advanced machine learning, brain like intelligent computing, and quantum intelligent computing. Advanced machine learning theory focuses on breaking through theoretical methods such as adaptive learning and autonomous learning, and achieving artificial intelligence with high interpretability and strong generalization ability. The theory of brain like intelligent computing focuses on breaking through the information encoding, processing, memory, learning, and reasoning theories of the brain like brain, forming theories and methods of brain like complex systems and brain like control, and establishing new models for large-scale brain like intelligent computing and cognitive computing models inspired by the brain. The focus of quantum intelligent computing theory is to break through the machine learning methods of quantum acceleration, establish a hybrid model of high-performance computing and quantum algorithms, and form an efficient, accurate, and autonomous quantum artificial intelligence system architecture.
Conduct interdisciplinary exploratory research. Promote the cross integration of artificial intelligence with basic disciplines such as neuroscience, cognitive science, quantum science, psychology, mathematics, economics, sociology, etc., strengthen the research on mathematical basic theories that lead the development of artificial intelligence algorithms and models, attach importance to the research on basic theoretical issues of artificial intelligence legal ethics, support exploratory research with strong originality and non consensus, and encourage scientists to explore freely, Be brave enough to overcome cutting-edge scientific challenges in artificial intelligence, propose more original theories, and make more original discoveries.
2. Establish a key common technology system for the new generation of artificial intelligence.
Regarding the urgent need to enhance the international competitiveness of China's artificial intelligence, the research and deployment of key common technologies for the new generation of artificial intelligence should be centered on algorithms, based on data and hardware, with a focus on improving perception recognition, knowledge computing, cognitive reasoning, motion execution, and human-computer interaction capabilities, forming an open, compatible, stable, and mature technology system.
Knowledge computing engines and knowledge service technologies. Key breakthroughs will be made in core technologies such as knowledge processing, deep search, and visual interaction to achieve automatic acquisition of continuous knowledge increment. With the capabilities of concept recognition, entity discovery, attribute prediction, knowledge evolution modeling, and relationship mining, a cross media knowledge graph covering billions of entity scales will be formed, covering multiple sources, disciplines, and data types.
Cross media analysis and inference technology. Key breakthroughs will be made in technologies such as cross media unified representation, association understanding and knowledge mining, knowledge graph construction and learning, knowledge evolution and reasoning, intelligent description and generation, to achieve cross media knowledge representation, analysis, mining, reasoning, evolution and utilization, and to build an analytical reasoning engine.
Key technologies of swarm intelligence. Key breakthroughs will be made in technologies such as internet-based mass collaboration, large-scale collaboration, knowledge resource management, and open sharing. A knowledge representation framework for group intelligence will be established to achieve knowledge acquisition based on group intelligence perception and the integration and enhancement of group intelligence in an open dynamic environment. This will support the perception, collaboration, and evolution of tens of millions of scale groups across the country.
New architecture and technology for hybrid enhanced intelligence. Key breakthroughs will be made in core technologies such as the integrated model of perception and execution for human-machine collaboration, new sensor devices for intelligent computing advancement, and a universal hybrid computing architecture, to build a hybrid enhanced intelligent system that adapts to the environment independently, a human-machine group hybrid enhanced intelligent system, and supporting environments.
Intelligent technology for autonomous unmanned systems. Key breakthroughs will be made in common technologies such as autonomous unmanned system computing architecture, complex dynamic scene perception and understanding, real-time precise positioning, and adaptive intelligent navigation for complex environments. Intelligent technologies such as autonomous control of unmanned aerial vehicles and autonomous driving of automobiles, ships, and rail transit will also be utilized to serve core technologies such as robots and special robots, supporting the application and industrial development of unmanned systems.
Virtual reality intelligent modeling technology. Key breakthroughs will be made in virtual object intelligent behavior modeling technology, to enhance the social, diverse, and interactive realism of intelligent object behavior in virtual reality, and to achieve the organic integration and efficient interaction between virtual reality, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence technologies.
Intelligent computing chips and systems. Key breakthroughs will be made in high energy efficiency, reconfigurable brain like computing chips, and brain like visual sensor technology with computational imaging capabilities. We will develop an efficient brain like neural network architecture and hardware system with autonomous learning capabilities, and achieve a brain like intelligent system with multimedia perception information understanding, intelligent growth, and common reasoning capabilities.
Natural language processing technology. Focus on breaking through the core technologies of grammar logic, character concept representation, and deep semantic analysis in natural language, promoting effective communication and free interaction between humans and machines, and achieving intelligent understanding and automatic generation of natural language in multiple styles, languages, and fields.
3. Coordinate the layout of artificial intelligence innovation platforms.
Build and layout an artificial intelligence innovation platform, and strengthen the basic support for the research and application of artificial intelligence. The key focus of the open source software and hardware infrastructure platform for artificial intelligence is to build a unified computing framework platform that supports artificial intelligence paradigms such as knowledge reasoning, probability statistics, and deep learning, forming an ecological chain that promotes mutual collaboration between artificial intelligence software, hardware, and intelligent cloud. The focus of the group intelligence service platform is to build a knowledge resource management and open sharing tool based on large-scale collaboration on the Internet, forming a group intelligence crowdsourcing platform and service environment for innovation in industry, academia, research and application. The hybrid enhanced intelligent support platform focuses on building heterogeneous real-time computing engines and new computing clusters that support large-scale training, providing a service-oriented and systematic platform and solution for complex intelligent computing. The support platform for autonomous unmanned systems focuses on building a support system for artificial intelligence common core technologies such as environmental perception, autonomous collaborative control, and intelligent decision-making in complex environments of autonomous unmanned systems, forming an open, modular, and reconfigurable environment for the development and testing of autonomous unmanned systems. The artificial intelligence basic data and security detection platform focuses on building a public data resource library, standard test datasets, cloud service platforms, etc. for artificial intelligence, forming a set of methods, technologies, specifications, and tools for testing and evaluating the security of artificial intelligence algorithms and platforms. Promote the open source and openness of various general software and technology platforms. Various platforms should promote military civilian sharing and sharing in accordance with the requirements and relevant regulations of deep integration between military and civilians.
4. Accelerate the cultivation and aggregation of high-end artificial intelligence talents.
Making the construction of high-end talent teams a top priority in the development of artificial intelligence, adhering to the combination of training and introduction, improving the artificial intelligence education system, strengthening talent reserves and echelon construction, especially accelerating the introduction of global top talents and young talents, and forming a highland for artificial intelligence talents in China.
Cultivate high-level artificial intelligence innovation talents and teams. Support and cultivate leading talents in artificial intelligence with development potential, and strengthen the training of professional and technical talents in basic research, application research, operation and maintenance of artificial intelligence. Emphasize the cultivation of composite talents, with a focus on cultivating vertical composite talents who are proficient in artificial intelligence theory, methods, technology, products, and applications, as well as horizontal composite talents who master "artificial intelligence+" in economics, society, management, standards, law, etc. Through major research and development tasks and base platform construction, we aim to gather high-end artificial intelligence talents and form a group of high-level innovation teams in several key areas of artificial intelligence. Encourage and guide domestic innovative talents and teams to strengthen cooperation and interaction with top global artificial intelligence research institutions.
Increase efforts to attract high-end artificial intelligence talents. Open up specialized channels, implement special policies, and achieve precise introduction of high-end artificial intelligence talents. We will focus on introducing top international scientists and high-level innovation teams in areas such as neurocognition, machine learning, autonomous driving, and intelligent robots. Encourage flexible introduction of artificial intelligence talents through project cooperation, technical consulting, and other means. We will coordinate and utilize existing talent programs such as the "Thousand Talents Plan" to strengthen the introduction of outstanding talents, especially young talents, in the field of artificial intelligence. Improve policies related to human capital cost accounting in enterprises, and encourage enterprises and research institutions to introduce artificial intelligence talents.
Building the discipline of artificial intelligence. Improve the discipline layout in the field of artificial intelligence, establish an artificial intelligence major, promote the construction of first level disciplines in the field of artificial intelligence, establish artificial intelligence colleges in pilot colleges as soon as possible, and increase the enrollment quota for doctoral and master's degrees in artificial intelligence related disciplines. Encourage universities to expand the content of artificial intelligence education on the existing basis, form a new model of "artificial intelligence+X" composite professional training, and attach importance to the intersection and integration of artificial intelligence and professional education in mathematics, computer science, physics, biology, psychology, sociology, law and other disciplines. Strengthen cooperation between industry, academia, and research, and encourage universities, research institutes, and enterprises to cooperate in the construction of artificial intelligence disciplines.
（2） Cultivate a high-end and efficient intelligent economy.
Accelerate the cultivation of artificial intelligence industry with significant leading and driving effects, promote deep integration of artificial intelligence with various industrial fields, and form an intelligent economic form driven by data, human-machine collaboration, cross-border integration, and co creation and sharing. Data and knowledge have become the primary elements of economic growth, human-machine collaboration has become the mainstream mode of production and service, cross-border integration has become an important economic model, co creation and sharing have become the basic characteristics of the economic ecosystem, personalized demand and customization have become a new trend in consumption, productivity has significantly improved, leading industries towards the high-end of the value chain, effectively supporting the development of the real economy, and comprehensively improving the quality and efficiency of economic development.
1. Vigorously develop the emerging industry of artificial intelligence.
Accelerate the transformation and application of key technologies in artificial intelligence, promote technological integration and business model innovation, promote innovation in intelligent products in key areas, actively cultivate emerging forms of artificial intelligence, lay out high-end industrial chains, and build an artificial intelligence industry cluster with international competitiveness.
Intelligent software and hardware. Develop key foundational software such as operating systems, databases, middleware, and development tools for artificial intelligence, break through core hardware such as graphics processors, research intelligent system solutions for image recognition, speech recognition, machine translation, intelligent interaction, knowledge processing, and control decision-making, and cultivate and strengthen the basic software and hardware industry for artificial intelligence applications.
Intelligent robots. Conquer the core components and specialized sensors of intelligent robots, improve the hardware interface standards, software interface protocol standards, and safety use standards of intelligent robots. Developing intelligent industrial robots and intelligent service robots, achieving large-scale applications and entering the international market. Develop and promote special intelligent robots such as space robots, ocean robots, and polar robots. Establish a standard system and safety rules for intelligent robots.
Intelligent transportation vehicles. We will develop autonomous vehicle and rail transit systems, strengthen the integration and matching of technologies such as on-board awareness, autonomous driving, the Internet of Vehicles, and the Internet of Things, develop intelligent traffic awareness systems, form China's independent autonomous driving platform technology system and product assembly capabilities, and explore the sharing mode of autonomous vehicle. Develop consumer and commercial drones and unmanned ships, establish a professional service system for testing, appraisal, and competition, and improve airspace and water management measures.
Virtual reality and augmented reality. Breaking through key technologies such as high-performance software modeling, content shooting generation, augmented reality and human-computer interaction, integrated environment and tools, developing virtual display devices, optical devices, high-performance true 3D displays, development engines, and other products, establishing technical, product, service standards, and evaluation systems for virtual reality and augmented reality, and promoting the integration and application of key industries.
Intelligent terminal. Accelerate the research and development of core technologies and products for smart terminals, develop new generation smartphones, in car smart terminals and other mobile smart terminal products and devices, encourage the development of wearable terminal products such as smartwatches, smart headphones, and smart glasses, and expand product forms and application services.
Basic components of the Internet of Things. Develop high sensitivity and high reliability intelligent sensor devices and chips to support the new generation of the Internet of Things, and conquer core IoT technologies such as radio frequency identification and close range machine communication, as well as key components such as low-power processors.
2. Accelerate the upgrading of industrial intelligence.
Promote the integration and innovation of artificial intelligence with various industries, carry out pilot demonstrations of artificial intelligence applications in key industries and fields such as manufacturing, agriculture, logistics, finance, business, and home furnishings, promote the large-scale application of artificial intelligence, and comprehensively improve the level of industrial development intelligence.
Intelligent manufacturing. Focusing on the major needs of a manufacturing powerhouse, we will promote the integration and application of key technologies and equipment, core support software, industrial internet and other systems in intelligent manufacturing, develop intelligent products and intelligent interconnected products, intelligent manufacturing enabling tools and systems, intelligent manufacturing cloud service platforms, promote new manufacturing models such as process intelligent manufacturing, discrete intelligent manufacturing, networked collaborative manufacturing, remote diagnosis and operation services, and establish an intelligent manufacturing standard system, Promote the intelligence of manufacturing lifecycle activities.
Intelligent agriculture. Develop intelligent sensing and control systems for agriculture, intelligent agricultural equipment, and autonomous systems for agricultural machinery field operations. Establish and improve an intelligent agricultural information remote sensing monitoring network that integrates sky and land. Establish a typical agricultural big data intelligent decision analysis system, and carry out integrated application demonstrations such as intelligent farms, intelligent plant factories, intelligent ranches, intelligent fishing grounds, intelligent orchards, intelligent workshops for agricultural product processing, and green intelligent supply chains for agricultural products.
Intelligent logistics. Strengthen the research and development, promotion and application of intelligent logistics equipment such as intelligent loading and unloading, sorting and packaging, processing and distribution, build a deep perception intelligent warehousing system, and improve the level and efficiency of warehousing operation and management. Improve the intelligent logistics public information platform and command system, product quality certification and traceability system, intelligent distribution scheduling system, etc.
Intelligent finance. Establish a financial big data system to enhance the processing and understanding capabilities of financial multimedia data. Innovate intelligent financial products and services, and develop new forms of finance. Encourage the financial industry to apply technologies and equipment such as intelligent customer service and intelligent monitoring. Establish an intelligent financial risk warning and prevention system.
Intelligent commerce. Encourage the application of new technologies such as cross media analysis and reasoning, knowledge computing engines, and knowledge services in the business field, and promote new business services and decision-making systems based on artificial intelligence. Build cross media big data platforms covering geographic location, online media, and urban basic data to support enterprises in conducting intelligent commerce. Encourage customized business intelligence decision-making services based on individual needs and enterprise management.
Smart home. Strengthen the integration and application of artificial intelligence technology with home building systems, and improve the intelligence level of building equipment and home products. Develop home interconnection protocols and interface standards that adapt to different application scenarios, and enhance the perception and connectivity capabilities of home products such as household appliances and durable goods. Support innovative service models for smart home enterprises and provide interconnected sharing solutions.
3. Vigorously develop intelligent enterprises.
Promote large-scale upgrading of enterprise intelligence. Supporting and guiding enterprises to apply new artificial intelligence technologies in core business processes such as design, production, management, logistics, and marketing, constructing new organizational structures and operating methods, forming a business model that integrates manufacturing, services, and financial intelligence, developing personalized customization, and expanding the supply of intelligent products. Encourage large internet enterprises to build cloud manufacturing platforms and service platforms, provide key industrial software and model libraries online to manufacturing enterprises, carry out manufacturing capability outsourcing services, and promote the intelligent development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Promote the application of intelligent factories. Strengthen the application demonstration of key technologies and system methods in intelligent factories, with a focus on promoting production line reconstruction and dynamic intelligent scheduling, intelligent IoT and cloud data collection of production equipment, multi-dimensional human-machine collaboration and interoperability, and encourage and guide enterprises to build factory big data systems, networked distributed production facilities, etc., to achieve networked production equipment, visualized production data, transparent production processes, unmanned production sites, and improve the level of intelligent factory operation and management.
Accelerate the cultivation of leading enterprises in the artificial intelligence industry. Accelerate the creation of a global leader and brand in artificial intelligence in areas such as drones, speech recognition, and image recognition. Accelerate the cultivation of a group of leading enterprises in emerging fields such as intelligent robots, intelligent cars, wearable devices, and virtual reality. Support artificial intelligence enterprises to strengthen their patent layout and lead or participate in the formulation of international standards. Promote domestic advantageous enterprises, industry organizations, scientific research institutions, universities, etc. to jointly form the China Artificial Intelligence Industry Technology Innovation Alliance. Support leading backbone enterprises to build open-source hardware factories and open-source software platforms, form an innovative ecosystem that gathers various resources, and promote the development and application of artificial intelligence in various fields of small and medium-sized enterprises. Support various institutions and platforms to provide specialized services to artificial intelligence enterprises.
4. Build an innovative highland for artificial intelligence.
Based on the foundation and advantages of each region, classify the relevant industries according to the application fields of artificial intelligence. Encourage local governments to focus on the artificial intelligence industry chain and innovation chain, gather high-end elements, high-end enterprises, and high-end talents, and build artificial intelligence industry clusters and innovation highlands.
Carry out pilot demonstrations of innovative applications of artificial intelligence. In areas with a strong foundation and great development potential in artificial intelligence, organize national artificial intelligence innovation experiments, explore major reforms in institutional mechanisms, policies and regulations, and talent cultivation, promote the transformation of artificial intelligence achievements, major product integration innovation, and demonstration applications, form replicable and promotable experiences, and lead the development of intelligent economy and intelligent society.
Build a national artificial intelligence industrial park. By relying on innovation carriers such as national independent innovation demonstration zones and national high-tech industry development zones, we will strengthen the optimization and combination of factors such as technology, talent, finance, and policies, and accelerate the cultivation and construction of artificial intelligence industry innovation clusters.
Build a national artificial intelligence crowdsourcing base. Based on the concentrated areas of universities and research institutes engaged in artificial intelligence research, we will establish new entrepreneurial service institutions such as specialized innovation platforms in the field of artificial intelligence, build a number of low-cost, convenient, all factor, and open artificial intelligence co creation spaces, improve the incubation service system, promote the transfer and transformation of artificial intelligence technology achievements, and support artificial intelligence innovation and entrepreneurship.
（3） Building a safe and convenient intelligent society.
With the goal of improving people's living standards and quality, we will accelerate the deep application of artificial intelligence, form an intelligent environment that is always present and ubiquitous, and significantly improve the intelligence level of the whole society. More and more simple, repetitive, and dangerous tasks are being completed by artificial intelligence, which greatly unleashes individual creativity and creates more high-quality and comfortable employment opportunities; More diverse and precise intelligent services enable people to enjoy high-quality services and convenient living to the fullest extent; The level of intelligent social governance has significantly improved, making social operations safer and more efficient.
1. Develop convenient and efficient intelligent services.
Accelerate the innovative application of artificial intelligence to meet the urgent needs of people's livelihoods, such as education, healthcare, and elderly care, and provide personalized, diversified, and high-quality services to the public.
Intelligent education. Utilize intelligent technology to accelerate the reform of talent cultivation models and teaching methods, and build a new education system that includes intelligent learning and interactive learning. Carry out the construction of intelligent campuses and promote the full process application of artificial intelligence in teaching, management, and resource construction. Develop a three-dimensional comprehensive teaching field and an online learning and education platform based on big data intelligence. Develop intelligent education assistants and establish an intelligent, fast, and comprehensive education analysis system. Establish a learner centered educational environment, provide precise educational services, and achieve customized daily and lifelong education.
Intelligent healthcare. Promote the application of new models and methods of artificial intelligence therapy, and establish a fast and accurate intelligent medical system. Explore the construction of smart hospitals, develop human-machine collaborative surgical robots and intelligent diagnosis and treatment assistants, develop flexible wearable and biocompatible physiological monitoring systems, develop human-machine collaborative clinical intelligent diagnosis and treatment plans, and achieve intelligent image recognition, pathological classification, and intelligent multidisciplinary consultation. Based on artificial intelligence, large-scale research on genome recognition, proteomics, metabolomics, and new drug development will be carried out to promote intelligent pharmaceutical regulation. Strengthen intelligent monitoring and prevention and control of epidemics.
Intelligent health and elderly care. Strengthen group intelligent health management, break through key technologies such as health big data analysis and the Internet of Things, develop wearable devices for health management and smart home health detection and monitoring devices, and promote the transformation of health management from point monitoring to continuous monitoring and from short process management to long process management. Build intelligent elderly care communities and institutions, and build a safe and convenient intelligent elderly care infrastructure system. Strengthen the intelligence and aging adaptation of elderly products, develop smart home care devices such as audio-visual and physical aids, and expand the activity space for the elderly. Develop mobile social and service platforms and emotional support assistants for the elderly to improve their quality of life.
2. Promote the intelligence of social governance.
Promote the application of artificial intelligence technology and promote the modernization of social governance around hot and difficult issues in administrative management, judicial management, urban management, environmental protection, and other social governance.
Intelligent government affairs. Develop an artificial intelligence platform suitable for government services and decision-making, develop a decision engine for open environments, and promote its application in major strategic decision-making such as complex social problem analysis, policy evaluation, risk warning, and emergency response. Strengthen the integration of government information resources and accurate prediction of public demand, and facilitate the interaction channels between the government and the public.
Smart Court. Building a smart court data platform that integrates trials, personnel, data applications, judicial openness, and dynamic monitoring, promoting the application of artificial intelligence in evidence collection, case analysis, legal document reading and analysis, and achieving the intelligence of the court's trial system and trial capabilities.
Smart City. Building intelligent urban infrastructure, developing intelligent buildings, and promoting the intelligent transformation and upgrading of municipal infrastructure such as underground pipe galleries; Building an urban big data platform, constructing a diversified and heterogeneous data fusion urban operation management system, achieving a comprehensive perception of urban infrastructure, important ecological elements such as urban green spaces and wetlands, and a deep understanding of the operation of complex urban systems; Develop and construct a community public service information system to promote collaboration between the community service system and the resident smart home system; Promote the full lifecycle intelligence of urban planning, construction, management, and operation.
Intelligent transportation. Research and establish a technical system for autonomous driving of commercial vehicles and vehicle road coordination. Develop a multi-dimensional traffic information comprehensive big data application platform for complex scenarios, achieve intelligent traffic guidance and comprehensive operation coordination and command, and build an intelligent traffic monitoring, management, and service system covering the ground, rail, low altitude, and sea.
Intelligent environmental protection. Establish an intelligent monitoring big data platform system covering environmental fields such as atmosphere, water, and soil, and build an intelligent environmental monitoring network and service platform that integrates land and sea, heaven and earth, upper and lower collaboration, and information sharing. Research and development of intelligent prediction models and warning plans for resource and energy consumption and environmental pollutant emissions. Strengthen the construction of environmental protection and intelligent prevention and control systems for sudden environmental incidents in major strategic regions such as the Beijing Tianjin Hebei and Yangtze River Economic Belt.
3. Utilize artificial intelligence to enhance public security capabilities.
Promote the deep application of artificial intelligence in the field of public safety, and promote the construction of an intelligent monitoring, early warning, and control system for public safety. We will develop intelligent security and police products that integrate various detection and sensing technologies, video image information analysis and recognition technologies, and biometric recognition technologies to meet the urgent needs of comprehensive social governance, new crime investigation, and counter-terrorism. We will establish an intelligent monitoring platform. Strengthen the intelligent transformation and upgrading of security equipment in key public areas, and support communities or cities with conditions to carry out artificial intelligence based public security area demonstrations. Strengthen the guarantee of artificial intelligence for food safety, establish an intelligent food safety warning system around food classification, warning level, food safety hazards and evaluation, etc. Strengthen the effective monitoring of natural disasters by artificial intelligence, and build an intelligent monitoring, early warning, and comprehensive response platform for major natural disasters such as earthquakes, geological disasters, meteorological disasters, water and drought disasters, and marine disasters.
4. Promote social interaction, sharing, and mutual trust.
Fully leverage the role of artificial intelligence technology in enhancing social interaction and promoting trustworthy communication. Strengthen the research and development of next-generation social networks, accelerate the promotion and application of technologies such as augmented reality and virtual reality, promote the collaborative integration of virtual and physical environments, meet real-time information needs such as personal perception, analysis, judgment, and decision-making, and achieve smooth switching in different scenarios such as work, study, life, and entertainment. In response to the need to improve interpersonal communication barriers, develop intelligent assistant products with emotional interaction functions that can accurately understand human needs, and achieve a virtuous cycle of emotional communication and demand satisfaction. Promote the integration of blockchain technology and artificial intelligence, establish a new social credit system, and minimize interpersonal communication costs and risks.
（4） Strengthen military civilian integration in the field of artificial intelligence.
Deeply implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian development, and promote the formation of a comprehensive, multi domain, and highly efficient artificial intelligence military civilian integration pattern. Guided by military civilian sharing and sharing, we will deploy the research and development of new generation artificial intelligence basic theories and key common technologies, and establish a normalized communication and coordination mechanism among research institutes, universities, enterprises, and military industrial units. Promote the bi-directional transformation of artificial intelligence technology between military and civilian sectors, strengthen the strong support of the new generation of artificial intelligence technology for command and decision-making, military exercises, national defense equipment, etc., and guide the transformation and application of artificial intelligence technology achievements in the field of national defense to the civilian sector. Encourage advantageous civilian research forces to participate in major technological innovation tasks related to artificial intelligence in the field of national defense, and promote the rapid integration of various artificial intelligence technologies into the field of national defense innovation. Strengthen the construction of a universal standard system for military and civilian artificial intelligence technology, and promote the overall layout and open sharing of scientific and technological innovation platform bases.
（5） Build an ubiquitous, secure, and efficient intelligent infrastructure system.
Vigorously promote the construction of intelligent information infrastructure, enhance the intelligence level of traditional infrastructure, and form an infrastructure system that meets the needs of intelligent economy, intelligent society, and national defense construction. Accelerate the promotion of digital and networked information infrastructure with information transmission as the core, and transform it into an intelligent information infrastructure that integrates perception, transmission, storage, computing, and processing. Optimize and upgrade network infrastructure, develop and lay out the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) system, improve the infrastructure of the Internet of Things, accelerate the construction of integrated information networks between heaven and earth, and improve low latency and high-throughput transmission capabilities. Coordinate the utilization of big data infrastructure, strengthen data security and privacy protection, and provide massive data support for the development and widespread application of artificial intelligence. Build efficient computing infrastructure and enhance the service support capability of supercomputing centers for artificial intelligence applications. Building a distributed and efficient energy internet, forming a new energy network that supports coordination and complementarity of multiple energy sources, timely and effective access, promoting intelligent energy storage facilities and intelligent electricity consumption facilities, and achieving real-time matching and intelligent response of energy supply and demand information.
（6） Forward layout of major technology projects for the new generation of artificial intelligence.
In response to the urgent needs and weak links in the development of artificial intelligence in China, a new generation of major technology projects for artificial intelligence will be established. Strengthen overall coordination, clarify task boundaries and research and development priorities, and form a "1+N" artificial intelligence project group with major new generation artificial intelligence technology projects as the core and existing research and development layout as support.
"1" refers to a major technology project in the new generation of artificial intelligence, focusing on the forward-looking layout of basic theories and key common technologies, including research on theories such as big data intelligence, cross media perception computing, hybrid enhanced intelligence, group intelligence, autonomous collaborative control and decision-making, research on knowledge computing engines and knowledge service technologies, cross media analysis and reasoning technologies, key technologies of group intelligence, new architectures and technologies of hybrid enhanced intelligence, and so on Autonomous unmanned control technology, open source sharing of basic theories and common technologies of artificial intelligence. Continuously carry out prediction and analysis of the development of artificial intelligence, and strengthen research on the comprehensive impact and countermeasures of artificial intelligence on the economy and society.
"N" refers to the artificial intelligence research and development projects deployed in relevant national planning and plans, with a focus on strengthening the connection with major technology projects of the new generation of artificial intelligence, synergistically promoting theoretical research, technological breakthroughs, and product development applications of artificial intelligence. Strengthen the connection with major national science and technology projects, and support the development of artificial intelligence software and hardware in national science and technology projects such as "core electronic devices, high-end general-purpose chips, basic software" and integrated circuit equipment. Strengthen mutual support with other "Technological Innovation 2030 Major Projects", accelerate research on neuroscience and brain like computing, quantum information and quantum computing, intelligent manufacturing and robotics, big data, etc., and provide support for major technological breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. The national key research and development plan will continue to promote the implementation of key projects such as high-performance computing, and increase support for the research and application of artificial intelligence related technologies; The National Natural Science Foundation of China strengthens its support for interdisciplinary research and free exploration in the forefront of artificial intelligence. Strengthen the application demonstration of artificial intelligence technology in major projects such as deep-sea space stations and health protection, as well as in key national research and development plans such as smart cities and intelligent agricultural machinery equipment. The research results of basic theories and common technologies related to artificial intelligence supported by other types of technology programs should be open and shared.
Innovate the organization and implementation mode of major technology projects in the new generation of artificial intelligence, adhere to the principle of concentrating efforts to accomplish major tasks and key breakthroughs, fully leverage the role of market mechanisms, and mobilize forces from departments, localities, enterprises, and society to jointly promote implementation. Clarify management responsibilities, conduct regular evaluations, strengthen dynamic adjustments, and improve management efficiency.
4、 Resource allocation
Fully utilize existing funds, bases, and other existing resources, coordinate the allocation of international and domestic innovation resources, give full play to the guiding role of fiscal investment and policy incentives, and the leading role of market resource allocation, leverage enterprises and society to increase investment, and form a new pattern of multi-party support from fiscal funds, financial capital, and social capital.
（1） Establish a financial guidance and market-oriented funding support mechanism.
Coordinate government and market funding from multiple channels, increase financial support, activate existing resources, and provide support for cutting-edge research in artificial intelligence, key common technologies, achievement transfer and transformation, base platform construction, and innovative application demonstrations. Utilize existing government investment funds to support eligible artificial intelligence projects, and encourage leading backbone enterprises and industrial innovation alliances to lead the establishment of market-oriented artificial intelligence development funds. Utilize various channels such as angel investment, venture capital, venture capital funds, and capital market financing to guide social capital to support the development of artificial intelligence. Actively utilize models such as government and social capital cooperation to guide social capital to participate in the implementation of major artificial intelligence projects and the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements.
（2） Optimize the layout and build an artificial intelligence innovation base.
According to the layout and framework of national level science and technology innovation bases, we will coordinate the construction of several internationally leading innovation bases in the field of artificial intelligence. Guide the existing State Key Laboratory, enterprise State Key Laboratory, national engineering laboratory and other bases related to artificial intelligence, and focus on the cutting-edge direction of the new generation of artificial intelligence to carry out research. According to the prescribed procedures, enterprises shall be the main body and industry university research cooperation shall be established to establish relevant technology and industrial innovation bases in the field of artificial intelligence, and the leading backbone enterprises shall play a leading role in demonstrating and driving technological innovation. Develop specialized crowdsourcing spaces in the field of artificial intelligence, and promote precise integration of the latest technological achievements, resources, and services. Fully leverage the role of various innovation bases in gathering talents, funds, and other innovative resources, break through the cutting-edge theories and key common technologies of artificial intelligence, and carry out application demonstrations.
（3） Coordinate international and domestic innovation resources.
Support cooperation between domestic artificial intelligence enterprises and leading international universities, research institutes, and teams in the field of artificial intelligence. Encourage domestic artificial intelligence enterprises to "go global" and provide convenience and services for capable AI enterprises to carry out overseas mergers and acquisitions, equity investments, entrepreneurial investments, and establish overseas research and development centers. Encourage foreign artificial intelligence companies and research institutions to establish research and development centers in China. Relying on the "the Belt and Road" strategy, promote the construction of AI international science and technology cooperation bases, joint research centers, etc., and accelerate the promotion and application of AI technology in countries along the "the Belt and Road". Promote the establishment of an international organization for artificial intelligence and jointly formulate relevant international standards. Support relevant industry associations, alliances, and service institutions to build a global service platform for artificial intelligence enterprises.
